![]() An ip command always requires an object type such as the address or link identifier, whereas ifconfig directly references the interface without an ip object. The ip command is also more efficient and interacts with the system in a more seamless manner. For instance, it displays all interfaces, whereas ifconfig only displays enabled interfaces. The ip utility features other enhancements. Thus it has a broader scope and more features than the more limited ifconfig. ip also includes functionality from other commands including route and arp. The ip command is the newer iteration of the established ifconfig command. To avoid confusion, use the precise names of the ip objects when discussing the ip command. The link ip object is usually called an interface. For instance, the term link often refers to a connection between two systems. Some of the objects in the ip command do not map perfectly to the terminology used in more casual discussions about networking. See the Ubuntu ip documentation for more information about the remaining ip objects. Other ip objects include addrlabel, l2tp, mroute (for multicast route), tunnel, and xfrm, which is used by the Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) protocol. It controls the precedence of the routes in the routing database. rule (ru): This is a policy rule for routing packets.It includes cached ARP or Ipv6 Neighbor Discovery (NDISC) information. neighbor (n): This represents information about a neighboring interface.maddress (m): This is the multicast address, if any, configured on a link.address (a): This is the Ipv4 or Ipv6 address associated with a link.It is used to determine how and where to send an outgoing packet based on its address. route (r): This represents an entry in the routing table.A link can be logical/abstract or physical. Most links, other than the loopback link, connect the server to a wider computer network. link (l): A link represents a network device.Here is a list of some of the most important ip objects, with the shortcuts in parentheses. Some of the ip terminology differs from the way networking concepts are more typically discussed. An ip object represents a specific component of the networking system, such as the routing table. ip Command ConceptsĮach of the Linux ip commands acts upon one or more ip objects. If you are not familiar with the sudo command, see the Users and Groups guide. Commands that require elevated privileges are prefixed with sudo. This guide is written for a non-root user. You may also wish to set the timezone, configure your hostname, create a limited user account, and harden SSH access. See our Getting Started with Linode and Creating a Compute Instance guides.įollow our Setting Up and Securing a Compute Instance guide to update your system. If you have not already done so, create a Linode account and Compute Instance. The ip package is pre-installed on all modern Linux distributions, including Ubuntu. It replaces the old ifconfig command, which had more limited functionality and fewer options. The ip command is part of the Linux iproute2 collection of networking utilities. The ip command also includes advanced capabilities to set up IP tunneling, route policies, and configure Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) information for the system’s neighbors. It permits them to configure network interfaces, routing information, and Ipv4/Ipv6 addresses. The Linux ip command lets administrators view the system’s IP networking information from the command line. The routing table determines which interface to use when transmitting a packet to a given destination IP address. In addition, each server maintains a routing table. Each network interface on a system has a media access control (MAC) address and can be assigned one or more IPv4 or Ipv6 addresses. Hosts and routers use the IP system to direct traffic across the internet to the correct destination. The IP protocol describes the addressing system used to identify network interfaces and send and receive traffic. IP Version 4 (Ipv4) and version 6 (Ipv6) jointly define the framework of the modern internet. What is the Linux IP Command?Īs its name suggests, the ip command relates to the Internet Protocol (IP). It demonstrates how to accomplish common networking tasks and how to view the state of the network. This guide explains how to configure a server using the ip command. Fortunately, most users find the tool easier to use when they understand its main components. The Linux ip command is a system tool for network administration, but it has many options and can be complicated. ![]()
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